An understanding of subjective anger experiences of individuals with mental disorders – a mixed method approach

Abstract

This thesis explores the subjective experience of anger in individuals with mental disorders, using a mixed-methods approach to compare those with anxiety and mood disorders. Thirty participants aged 19–35 completed standardized anger rumination and self-report questionnaires, with additional qualitative data gathered through interviews and case studies. Quantitative analysis showed that while both diagnostic groups reported high empathic and hardened anger, differences between anxiety and mood disorders were not statistically significant. Treatment modality influenced vengeful anger, with combined therapy and medication linked to lower anger rumination. Gender differences were notable: females reported higher hardened anger and greater rumination, especially in understanding causes and angry afterthoughts. Thematic analysis revealed that anger was often suppressed or internalized, especially among women and those from cultures discouraging emotional expression. Anger was commonly triggered by interpersonal invalidation and linked to self-criticism, anxiety, and sadness. Coping strategies included music, exercise, and therapy, thought suppression and stigma remained barriers. Overall, anger emerged as a complex, transdiagnostic phenomenon shaped by diagnosis, treatment, gender, and cultural context, highlighting the need for integrated, culturally sensitive interventions.